Axminster loom



May 6, 1941. H. M. JAMESON AXMINSTER LOOM Filed Oct. 19, 1940 2Sheets-Sheet 1 Patented May 6, 1941 UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICEApplication October 19.11940, Serial No. 361,839 In Great BritainSeptember 26, 1939 iClaims.

This invention has reference to improvements in or connected withAxminster looms, and has for one of its objects the alteration oi' themechanism of existing Axminster looms of the type operating with two ormore needles, whereby' two or more weaves can be simultaneously producedby the one loom as superimposed layers of f-abric, and further in theprovision of means for binding together the said superimposed layers ata convenient line or lines betweenthem according lto the subsequent orultimate use to be made of the woven fabric.

The main objectl of the invention may be stated to be the provision onan Axm-inster loom (providing for a normal say 36" weave) of facilitiesfor Weaving a plurality oi plain weaves of the said width which couldduring the process of weaving be connected or bound together in such amanneras would admit of the final width of the Woven fabric being saytwice that of the normal width ofl'the weave obtained by the loom.

A subordinate object of the invention is to provide means whereby theplurality'of woven fabric layers may be so connected in the weavingprocess as to constitute a tubular or multitubular structure.

The present invention consists of an Axminster loom of the kindembodying two or more superimposed needles whereby a plurality of weavesof fabric are produced simultaneously in superimposed relationship, incombination with means for binding the superimposed weaves `togetheralong a line orA lines during the process Fig. 1 is a diagrammaticsideelevation showing the run of the Warp threads to form a doubleshedding for effecting two superimposed weaves.

Fig. 2 is a similar side elevation to that seen in Fig. 1 showing thealternative setting of the heddle frames and the change effected in therun of the warpthreads at the alternate shot of the needles.

Fig. 3 diagrammatically illustrates the means for inserting bindingthreads in the superimposed layers by,means of an additional pair ofheddle frames for the purpose of producing .a tubular or multi-tubularstructure.

Fig. 4 illustrates a mechanism incorporated in an Axminster loommechanism for effecting the of the Weaving, so as to produce (a) afabric of greaterwidth than the normal width of the loom, or (b) aplurality of woven fabric layers so connected in the 'weaving process asto constitute a tubular or multi-tubular structure. The

. invention further resides in means whereby the connection or juncturebetween the superimposed layers of woven fabric is made on the yone sideof the loom by inserting each of the weft threads alternately into thesuperimposed layers of woven fabric, so that the weft threads themselvesi'orm an edge connection or junction at the side of the fabric enteredby the needles used to insert alternating motion of th'e two weftthreads, this .mechanism being illustrated in this iigure in the midposition of the two eyed rods through which the weft threads pass.

Fig. 5 illustrates part of the mechanism seen in Fig. 4 with the twoeyed rods in one of the alternate positions, and also illustrates therun of the weit threads through the eyed rods to the respectivesuperimposed needles.

Eig. 6 illustrates the alternative setting of the mechanism to that seenin Fig. 5, while Fig. 7 illustrates a simple means of .incorporating atacking thread in the selvedge or offside edge of the fabric.

Referring ilrst more particularly to the diagrams Figs. 1 and 2 the warpthreads abcd are arranged in pairs, one pair ab to constitute the topshed (Fig. l) and the other paired to constitute the bottom shed (Fig.l) for a plain fabric weave produced in each shed, which weaves aresimultaneously produced by the superimposed top and bottom needles e andf. The pair of warp threads ab constituting the top shed pass through apair of wire eyes glh1 respectively, the eye g1 in the one wire beingassociated with the one heddle frame `a and the other eye h1 beingassociated withthe second heddle frame h in the well recognised mannerof Axminster loom construction, while the pair vof warp threads cdconstituting the bottom shed are likewise associated with wire eyes 92h*each respectively carried by the said heddle frames y and h wherebytheweftvthreads carried through by the shot of the top needle e passthrough the upper shedding, while the weft threads carried by the lowerkdegree of tension on the warp threads these practice that these threadsmust not be slack in' the period when the needles are entering theirrespective sheddings.

Reference is now directed more particularly.

to Figs. 4, 5, and 6 of the diagrams, which illustrate the means ofassociating or binding the two simultaneously produced or superimposedweaves together so as to form a fabric of greater width than the normalwidth of the loom. order to accomplish this purpose the connection,seam. or Junction between the superimposed layers of woven fabric ismade by means oi' weft threads lm which are inserted simultaneously ins, t and u.I f Whenthe roller q assumes,I through the cam rotation, itslowest position then the eyed rods n and o will occupy the alternateposition indicated in Fig. 6. i

By means of this mechanism it will be appre-I oi' the needles the weftthread lis inserted in the the superimposed layers of fabric produced asalready described with particular reference to Figs. l and 2 of thediagram, for which purpose the weft threads used in the two layers areinserted alternately in these layers in thesuccessive sheddings of thewarp threads of the upper and lower layers of woven fabric, that is tosay, the

weft thread inserted-in the shed of the lower layer is in the nextshedding inserted in the upper layer, and the weft thread which has beeninserted in the upper layer in the preceding shed is next inserted inthe other shedding in the lower layer of woven fabric, whereby the weftthreads are continuously inserted into the two layers o'f woven fabricwhich have only to be unfolded to permit of the two layered fabric beingopened to form a single layer of double width.

The means illustrated in Figs. 4, 5, and 6 of the diagrams for effectingthis particular insertion of the two weft threads comprises the leadingof the one weft thread l through the eye of the rod n, while the weftthread 1n is passed through the eye of the rod o, the respective threadsbeing picked up in the well recognised manner by their respectiveneedles e and f. The eyed rods n and o are vertically disposed and areadapted for an alternate setting as illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6, therod n being rigidly secured to a slide n1 which is pivotally connectedatits lower end to a spring-controlled lever p which is rocked about thepivot p1. A roller q is mounted on the lever p which roller co-operateswith a cam (not shown) to effect a lifting and lowering motion of thelever p at the required periods. The eyed rod o is mounted within thetubular socfket r1 mounted on the bracket r secured to the frame of theloom. 'I'he rod o has pivotal connection at s! to an even-armed rockinglever s which fulcrums on the pivot s2 on the frame of the loom, theother end of the lever s being pivotally connected by means of the linkt to a horizontally disposed arm u which is rigidly secured to the slidenl.

It will be appreciated by a comparison of Figs. 4, 5, and 6 of thediagrams that when the roller q co-operating with the rotating cam is atthe mid position then the eyed rods n and o will occupy the positionseen in Fig. 4, while when a lifting motion is imparted by the c am tothe roller q, then the eyed rod n is lifted through the slide n1 to theposition seen in Fig. 5, and at the same time a corresponding depressingor loweringmotion is imparted to the eyed rod o as seen in Fig. 5through the linkage connection lower shedding, and a correspondingalternation obtains of the weft thread m, whereby what may be termed anin and out or cross-over motion of the two weft threads is obtained toproduce l 6 of the drawings, immediatelyprior to the one I shot of theneedles the eyed rods are in the position seen in Fig. 5, that duringthe course of this shot the rotation of the cam which operates theroller q brings the eyed rods to the mid position seen in Fig. 4, inwhich position there is a dwell, and that 4during the backward stroke ofthe needles a change is eflected in the mechanism to the position seenin Fig. 6 which position is maintained prior to and immediatelyfollowing the alternate shot of the needles, when the cycle of operationis repeated. It will therefore be appreciated that there is a dwell ateach of the said shots in Figs. 4, 5, and6 respectively, which period ofdwell `is determined by the operative cam which is timed in relation tothe shots of the needles and the usual timed operations of theloommechanism.

Referring now to the diagram Fig. 7, this illustrates a means ofinserting a -tacking thread adjacent'the selvedge or offside edge of thesuperimposed weaves. 'Ihis is accomplished by means of a single threadlv which extends from a carrier spool through an eye w1 formed in thedepending wire'w located at thel one endof a shown) to maintain atension and the position Aof the wire w, and this binding'thread v islifted and lowered-in relation to the two superimposed layers or weavesof fabric on each operation of the heddle frame so as to eiect thedesired insertion of the thread v to constitute a tacking thread in theselvedge of the fabrics, so that in the runk of the fabric through theloom there is no tendency of the superimposed layers to move out of laydue to the traverse of the woven fabric through the loom.

The subordinate feature of forming the superimposed weaves into atubular or multi-tubular structure may be eifected by means of themechanism illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings, where an additionalpair of heddle frames y and z are provided which have single eyed wiresy1 and zi respectively mounted therein, through which I i bindingthreads y z pass in the line of the run of the warp threads. In order toeffect the insertion of these binding threads into the superimposedweaves of fabric it is necessary to im- A the fabric and to be heldtherein by the respective alternate shots of the needles e and f.

@seneca 3 It will be appreciated that any recognised form for producinga plurality oi superimposed sheds, f of lever lifting and loweringmechanism as oran upper open-eye needle for carrying a. weit dinerilyemployed in connection with the lhedthread through one shed, a lowerOpen-eye needie frames oi inster looms can be utilised to die forcarrying a weit thread through the shed son the relatively greatermotion to the ai- 5 below the aforementioned shed, means for preditional-heddle frames y and s, and that the senting a weit thread to one orsaid needles, a binding threads y2 and z3 are so located and run secondmeans for simultaneously presenting a 4in relation tothe width or theiabric as may cond weit threadtothe other needle, means for be necessaryto eect the tubular formation. reversing the positions oi said twopresenting For example if a single tubular formation is means prior toeach shot oi the needles, wherereouired then the binding threads y2 ande would by each of said weit threads is alternately introbe located onthe opposite edge o the fabric, that e duced into said two sheds, andmeans for moving is the selveoige edge, to that ci the insertion edge Ya warp t read above said upper needle prior to which is hound in themanner described with every second shot oi said needles, and below saidreierence to Figs. d, d, and 6, but if it became lower needle prior toevery alternate shot oi said necessary to iorm a multi-tubular formationin needles, said warp thread being located at the the one run or weaveoi the superimposediabside of said sheds opposite the insertion point sthreads y2 and z2 of said needles.l and eyed wires y1 and s1 would heprovided in 3. In an Axminster loom, in combination, hedconnection withthe heddle iremos y and z re- 2o die frames for producing a pluralityvor superv imposed sheds, an upper open-'eye needle for car- Where atubular fabric-is to be produced as rying a weft thread through oneshed, a lower trames y and s and the corresponding binding means forpresenting a weit thread to one of nism described with reference toFigs. 4, 5, and presenting a second weft thread to the other 6 o thediagrams, that is the whole o i the bindneedle, means for reversing thepositions oi said ing or connecting operation which is desired betwopresenting means prior to each'shot of the tween the two superimposedlayers or fabric 3o needles, whereby each of said weit threads is ofheddle frames y and z and the binding threads auxiliary heddle trameshavini;| greater moveassociated therewith only. ment than theaforementionedl heddle frames, tubular formation of the weave is usefulfor-moving a. warp thread above said upper neein-the 'production ofsacks or lother tubular isb- 35 die and a second warp thread below saidlower ric carriers. needle prior to every second shot of said needles.It will be appreciated that when the loom has and reversing thepositions of said warp threads 'been cond to operate in accordance withY prior to every alternate shot o! said needles, said the presentinvention the tuit-yarn spools and warp threads being located at theside o! said the me vassociated therewith is dispensed 4o Sheds oppositethe msemqn point i Said me. th. Y dies for binding the edges; oi thesuperimposed Bv the aforesaid conversion ot an ter weaves together atsaid opposite side to form e loom is possible to weave say ablanket-like tubuiarweave,

or plain iabric oi a'. width two or more times as 4. In an ter loom, incombination, hedgreat as thatoi the-normal width oi the weave die frames:or producing a plurality of superimoi the loom, and i! instead oi aweave o! greater posed sheds. an upper open-eye needle tor car- .widthit is desired .to produce a fabric inccrrying a' weit threadthrough oneshed, a lower porating a plurality oi bidding threads i open-eye 4needle'for cgrrying a weit thread m ted charwter con ipe Produced by the meansior presenting a weit thread to one of said aforesaid alteration orconversion 0f en exitin needles, a second means for simultaneouslypreloomoithetypereierredto. c y

I claim: v die, means for reversing the positions ofrIoomJncombinatiommeans two presenting means prior to each shot of the55 needles. hereby each o! said weft threads is Weit: alternatelyintroduced into said two sheds. and e lower open-eve heeauxiliary heddle:rames having greater move-- ead through the shed' ment than theaforementioned heddle frames. tioned shed. means tor prel. roi' movins asetof warp threads above said uped to one o! said needles. a o perneedle and a second set oI-warp threads besillml,til'neiislllr`presenti!!! low said lower needle prior to every second shot needle.land or said needles, and reversing the positions or the positions orsaid two said two sets or warp threads prior to every air to each shoto! the neetornate shot or said needles, said worp said weit threads isalter- `65, being located at intervals across said sheds to sheds. eform a multi-tuimlal'v weave. rloomdncornbinetio .meansf ERT smLORJAMESON.

threads without the introduction oi the mechasaid needles, a secondmeans for simultaneously could be eected ley-the use oi the additionalpair alternately introduced into said two sheds, and

